How can RAWS integrate weather data with runway operations to support decision-making?

• A. By collecting data from a single source only.
• B. By replacing ATC decisions with automated outputs.
• C. By ignoring METAR data.
• D. By combining METAR/TAF with radar weather data and visibility sensors to adjust minimums, runway selection, and approach planning.

Answer: (D)

Integrating weather data with runway operations means using multiple, real-time sources to inform how and when runways are used. METARs provide current conditions and TAFs give short-term forecasts, so you know wind direction and speed, visibility, cloud ceiling, precipitation, and potential changes. Radar weather data shows where precipitation is, how fast it’s moving, and whether there are active cells or storms that could affect safety or visibility on approach or touchdown. Visibility sensors give on-the-ground measurements of what pilots are actually experiencing during operations. When these sources are combined, you can make informed, dynamic decisions about minimums for instrument approaches, which runway is most favorable given wind and weather, and how to plan or modify an approach (for example, choosing a stabilized approach, adjusting expected landing distance, or delaying or rerouting if conditions deteriorate). This integrated approach improves safety and efficiency by providing a complete picture, rather than relying on any single data source.

The other options don’t fit because collecting data from only one source misses critical context, automated outputs should not replace ATC decisions, and ignoring METAR data eliminates essential current and forecasted weather information needed for safe planning.